Thursday, October 30, 2008 8:51 AM CDT
New debate marker unveiled
By ROB STROUD, Staff Writer rstroud@jg-tc.com
CHARLESTON — A marker that takes a new look back at the Lincoln-Douglas debate in Charleston 150 years ago was unveiled Wednesday by the Illinois State Historical Society.
John Weck, president of the State Historical Society, encouraged those at the unveiling to look forward in time and consider the many people who will read the new debate marker, and other historic markers, in the decades to come.
“They educate future generations, so they have a lasting impact that is really important,” Weck said outside the Lincoln-Douglas Debate Museum at the Coles County Fairgrounds.
Charleston’s new debate marker is part of the State Historical Society’s ongoing effort to refurbish or replace approximately 80 Abraham Lincoln-related markers in anticipation of 2009’s bicentennial celebration of his birth.
Bill Furry, executive director of the State Historical Society, said the group started seeking local input a year ago on replacing the old marker and drafting new text.Eastern Illinois University history faculty helped write the text and the Coles County Historical Society co-sponsored the new marker.
Weck noted that as a graduate student at Eastern he rented an upstairs apartment at the historic Dudley House, which the Coles County Historical Society owns and operates.
“I realize the care and commitment you folks have locally for your history,” Weck said. He added the State Historical Society shares this commitment to history by researching and obtaining documentary evidence while preparing new markers.
The new marker offers more detail about the Sept. 18, 1858, debate, which was the fourth in a series of seven between Lincoln and incumbent Stephen Douglas during their U.S. senate campaign. The marker states a reported 12,000-15,000 people attended the Charleston debate.
Lincoln lost the senate election but the high-profile debates, which centered on slavery, positioned him to win the presidency two years later. The marker states Lincoln opposed the extension of slavery to the federal territories and Douglas held that territory residents should decided the slavery issue themselves.
“It was during the Charleston debate that Lincoln denied Douglas’ charge that he favored social and political equality for African-Americans. He opposed slavery but took the position that whites should maintain ‘a superior position’ — a statement that has qualified his legacy as the great emancipator,” the marker states.
After the ceremony, Weck said the text about Lincoln’s legacy as the great emancipator being qualified has stirred debate among some history enthusiasts. Still, Weck said it is good to have such debates because it gets people interested in history.
Cindy Titus, executive director of the Charleston Area Chamber of Commerce, said that Lincoln’s era was a very different time from the present. She said people should be careful about looking at the past through the filters of their modern perspectives, which can result in revisionism.
Titus said she is pleased with the installation of a new Charleston debate marker, which is made from cast aluminum.
“This is a nice improvement over the one we had. It was in pretty bad shape,” Titus said.
Markers also were removed from the Charleston Riot site, Lincoln Log Cabin State Historic Site, Moore Home Historic Site, and Thomas Lincoln/Shiloh Cemetery as part of the State Historical Society’s program. Furry said they have been refurbished at the foundry and should be back in place soon.
Furry added the State Historical Society wanted to look over a Ulysses Grant marker that was installed in 1968 at 18th Street and Prairie Avenue in Mattoon, but this marker is no longer there. Those with information about the location of the Grant marker can contact the society at 525-2781.
Wording on the marker
The Lincoln-Douglas Debate at Charleston
“On September 18, 1858, Springfield attorney and former U.S. Congressman Abraham Lincoln debated U.S. Senator Stephen A. Douglas at the Coles County Fairgrounds during the senatorial campaign of that year. The Charleston debate was the fourth of seven debates held between Lincoln and Douglas from August to October. A reported 12,000 to 15,000 people were in attendance at the Charleston debate, with many spectators traveling to Charleston by train and wagon from Indiana.
“The campaign centered on the issue of slavery in the federal territories. Was the institution to be extended into the territories and new slaves states created or not? Lincoln as the Republican candidate opposed the extension of slavery while Douglas as the Democratic incumbent defended his doctrine of ‘popular sovereignty,’ which held that the residents of the territories should decide the slavery issue for themselves. It was during the Charleston debate that Lincoln denied Douglas’ charge that he favored social and political equality for African-Americans. He opposed slavery but took the position that whites should maintain ‘a superior position’ — a statement that has qualified his legacy as the Great Emancipator.
“Lincoln won the popular vote but lost the election since the Democrats controlled the Illinois Senate and state legislatures at that time elected United States senators. Although Douglas was re-elected the debates positioned Lincoln to win the presidency two years later.
“Sponsored by the Illinois State Historical Society
“October 2008”
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Coles County Historical Society President Ted Ostrem and Illinois State Historical Society board president John Weck unveil the new Lincoln-Douglas Debate marker Wednesday at the Coles County Fairgrounds in Charleston. Ken Trevarthan/Staff Photographer
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Mike P wrote on Oct 30, 2008 9:18 PM:
Today, the meaning of those words might offend some. One hundred fifty years ago, if he had never spoken them, this discussion would be moot. There would be no legacy, and no marker.
It hadn't been long, since this area had been claimed from the "savages" that inhabited our portion of the new world, and all sorts of inferiority, was the law. Had he ever publicly began to discuss freeing slaves, and them being immediately equal, he would have never have gained ant further prominence in the climate of that day. His distinction, let the issue of slavery remain more removed from personal biases. Most people saw many differences as inferior, but owning humans was loosing popularity.
Our area played a huge roll in many parts of shaping this great mans life. If twelve to fifteen thousand folks hadn't come to hear this man speak, most of what he said would never have made it to the distances it did, to give him a national stage to take this important issue up on.
In 150 years of politics, little has changed. Since Lincoln wants slaves free, he wants them treated as equals, could possibly sum up Douglas's remarks. Had Lincoln not clarified his stance, to make humans owning humans the issue, and not how folks felt about the race of the slaves, he would have never had a chance to do what he set out to. Today those sentiments are villified by some, as lessening of his character, and legacy. If you try to place words from the past, into future contexts, they don't often hold up. In the 1850's this was a bold stand to take. People were persecuted for a lot less sometimes.
If someone misunderstands the words context in Lincolns legacy, its because they didn't look at anything more than the marker, to come to that conclusion. Someone would have to visit from another planet, to not know much of our history on race inferiority issues. It took 150 years to have a contending non white candidate for president of this country. It was just a few decades ago, race equality became open to discussion, and found the ability to take great strides in seeing change. It is good that today, some find the phrases troubling. If used in todays context, they sure would be. But this was 1858, times were different, and we have only know a few years since then, that the focus on equality has gained some effecive traction in society. Much of our history is not great. What this man managed to accomplish, by leading the country to change one big issue that divided it, laid the foundations for issue after issue to face needed change. Had they jumped to free and equal, it would have been right in our eyes, but knowing it took over 100 years to begin efectively working on increasing equality, had he not chose his words carefully, slavery likely would have had a much longer span in our history. "